Culture of Pakistan Essay

Culture Definition A simple definition of culture is that it is the human response to the forces of Nature and History. According to the (World Conference on Culture Policies, Mexico 1982)Culture is â€Å"the whole complex of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual and emotional features that characterize a society or social group. It includes not only arts and letters, but also modes of life, the fundamental rights of the human being, value systems, traditions and beliefs.† PAKISTANI CULTURE Pakistan is the country full of natural and cultural wealth. Pakistan has its own unique and specific cultural identification. Culture and heritage of Pakistan reflects the extra ordinary skill and devotion of Pakistani people. Pakistani people are playing a vital role in the presentation, development and promotion of Pakistani culture. The Pakistani culture is dominated by Islamic tradition and heritage. Islamic heritage has great impact on Pakistani culture. In ancient times, Pakistan was a major cultural hub. Many cultural practices and great monuments have been inherited from the time of the ancient rulers of the region. One of the greatest cultural influences was that of the Persian Empire, of which Pakistan was a part. In fact, the Pakistani satraps were at one time the richest and most productive of the massive Persian Empire. Other key influences include the Afghan Empire, Mughal Empire and later, the short-lived but influential, the British Empire. Punjabi Objectives Pakistan is a country of diverse communities with cultural traditions, belief systems, value systems, life styles, dialects and aspirations which determine the objectives of the policy, which are listed below. They aim at providing an environment conducive to the growth and promotion our culture as enshrined in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.

Cultural Perspectives on Crime Essay

Minorities are over represented in the criminal justice system because they are targeted during drives to reduce hooliganism, juvenile drug offenses and crime. Then there are biases against them during prosecution, trial and judgment. Finally, the minorities get harsher sentences than their white counterparts (Davis. A 1998). In my opinion the minorities are over represented in the criminal justice system because of prejudices within the system. Way back in 1991, in LA, police officers beating Rodney King were captured on video. Rodney was a black man and this evidence supported the claims of the Afro-American community that cases of police brutality were a norm. The prejudice in the system was further exposed when in the trial court; the jury did not find the four officers guilty of wrongdoing. This case helped to justify the claims that there was a bias in the justice system and that it was very difficult for colored persons to get justice. This form of discrimination it is alleged is found in the entire justice system. In reality what has happened is that there is a failure of judges, even elected officials to correct the injustices in the criminal justice system. In addition, the criminal justice policy makers have also failed to redress injustice (Lochner. L, 2003). The result is that minority groups in general and black and Hispanic Americans are targeted and victimized by law enforcement agencies. When charging for crimes is done it is the colored persons that are targeted. To add insult to injury colored law abiding citizens are regularly challenged because of racial profiling and police bias. This prejudice has permeated almost everywhere. When the cop is patrolling his attitude towards colored people for the purpose of prosecution and penalty to the treatment of colored by the prosecutors and judges. The essential point is that all individuals should be treated in a similar manner. This is what the Constitution requires the justice system to do. What is the consequence of such police action? The prison inmates are mostly Hispanic and blacks. There are communities of blacks who have actually fallen apart and have dispersed because a large part of the youth has been lost to prisons. This has fostered a belief in these people that the law enforcement system cannot be trusted and should not be supported (Cole. G & Smith. C 2004). This belief has reinforced the prejudice in the law enforcement agencies that colored communities are beds of lawlessness and so should be punished and incarcerated. How is this prejudice reinforced? There are law enforcement policies and tactics that target blacks and Hispanics, moreover, there is the issue of racial profiling. In other words the blacks and Hispanics are usually the targets of suspicion. What happens is that on the basis of bias and suspicions the blacks and Hispanics are blamed for most of the crimes in the area, and ultimately jailed. This system is well ingrained in prosecution. At every step the blacks and Hispanics are treated unfairly. During the first plea bargaining with prosecutors to the final sentencing, there are preconceived notions against blacks and Hispanics. The persons in the justice system especially the judges and prosecutors are all logical and rational persons but there are presuppositions that are introduced in the system which skews the outcomes against blacks and Hispanics (Pratto. F 1994). Till recently sentencing was an important task of great responsibility that was entrusted to judges that were known to be men of integrity and impartiality. Currently, there has been an involvement in sentencing of sentencing commissioners, prosecutors and legislators that has made this process inhuman and mechanical leading to long sentences against the blacks and African Americans. What are the consequences? Several colored people who would otherwise have received shorter or non-jail sentences are now languishing in jail. If those blacks that were eligible for probation had been treated similar to their white counterparts, they would have not been jailed. What is more appalling is that if the courts had taken cognizance of the inequities piled on the colored people injustice could have been reduced (Petersilia. J 1983). The courts in general have refused to investigate into or rectify racial inequality in the system. There are several reasons why the inequity against blacks and Hispanics is being perpetrated. One is that the statistical information about the overrepresentation of minorities in the criminal justice system has not adequately been compiled. In addition, there is not adequate diversification of the law enforcement agencies especially the police (Miller J 1996). Further in light of harsh sentencing against blacks and Hispanics, the death penalty should at least be suspended. Most importantly, the sentencing guidelines are outdated. Finally, the existence of the felony disenfranchisement laws creates and perpetrates prejudice in the system. One area in which the prejudice against minorities is most lucid is the juvenile justice system. There is an extremely harsh treatment against blacks and Hispanics. These youths are tracked and marked in most anti drug campaigns. They are put behind bars. There are more and more black and Hispanics arrested for selling drugs where as arrests of white juveniles has decreased (Bishop. D, 2000). What happens when there is discrimination against blacks and Hispanics? Those minorities who violate a law can expect longer sentences; they can expect fewer leniencies than their white counterparts. In addition, minority youth face harsher sentences and bear the brunt of the efforts of legislators to treat them as adults. The result being that these minority youth because of the machinations of the legislators are more likely to be converted to hardened criminals. Finally whenever legislators or policy makers choose to enforce law more vigorously, there is an increase in the number of atrocities against minority offenders. Even though the constitution requires that two cocaine dealers be treated equally by the law we find that the minority dealer bears the wrath of the law enforcement agencies. Ethnic background and racial heritage is becoming a basis for unfairness. This inequity is pervasive and affects every step of the criminal justice system (Sherman L 2002). What is dreadful is that in the criminal justice system, racial discrimination is increasing and not reducing. This makes a mockery of the progress in civil rights made till now. To sum, black and Hispanics bear the worst rage of the criminal justice system. They are followed by cops, watched and arrested more than their white counterparts. Then they face a criminal justice system that assumes that colored people are more likely to commit crimes. They are dragged to juries, prosecutors and judges who feel that minorities are more likely to have committed crimes. Finally, the legislative machinery ensures that tough sentences are passed against them to root out crime in the country.. They are over represented in the criminal justice system because they have been singled out for ruthless treatment. References: Bishop. D, (2000) Juvenile Offenders in the Adult Criminal Justice System, Crime and Justice, Vol. 27, pp 81-167 Cole. G & Smith. C, (2004) The American System of Criminal Justice, Thomson Wadsworth. Davis. A (1998) Prosecution and Race: The Power and Privilege of Discretion, Fordham Law Review. Vol. LXVII, No. 1. Lochner. L, (2003) Individual Perceptions of Criminal Justice System, Working Paper 9474 NBER Working Paper Series available at: http://www. nber. org/papers/w9474 Miller J (1996) Search and Destroy: African-American Males in the Criminal Justice System, Cambridge University Press. Petersilia. J (1983) Racial Disparities in the Criminal Justice System, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica. Pratto. F (1994) Attenuators and Hierarchy Enhancers: Social Dominance Theory and the Criminal Justice System, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Volume 24, Issue 4. Sherman L (2002), Trust and Confidence in Criminal Justice, NIJ Journal, Retrieved from: http://www. ncjrs. gov/pdffiles1/nij/189106-1. pdf on January 4, 2007.

Informal Memo Proposal Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Informal Memo Proposal - Coursework Example The first proposal seeks to address the procedures that businesses can adopt when contemplating transactions with another business. The organizations can adopt proper consultation and procurement procedures to create room for growth and stay afloat in the market. The second proposal aims at finding the current strategies that are used by organizations to prevent credit card fraud and data breaches that happen behind closed doors. The data breaches and card fraud activities are illegal, and they hamper efficient operations that relate to customers and the organizations. The main purpose of proposal #1 is to address the b2b transactions for the interest of the customers and individual organizations. The transactions help business to institute pricing strategies, contracts and product and services as per the prevailing demands in the market. The primary aim of proposal #2 is to provide a platform that can be used to educate institutions on the methods they can take to prevent card fraud. Cards that are lost stolen or counterfeited affect consumers and businesses that offer the credit card services. The consequences come in the form of profits and legal action. Proposal 2 targets credit card companies, individual online business owners and legal entities that fight card fraud. The card fraud activities defraud shoppers, account owners that lose their card information to online thieves. For example, over 70 million Target Company customers lost their card accounts after the 2013 data breach hit the company. The cards were used later for illegal shopping activities. Analysis of business-to-business transactions will use pricing information, valuation strategies and innovations from individual companies. The strategies or procedures adopted by businesses provide an efficient mechanism for dealing with business dilemmas. Highlighting

Qualities that make an ideal friend Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Qualities that make an ideal friend - Essay Example He would go the extra mile to make sure that we remain contented and satisfied with things that are happening with us. An ideal friend would take our family as theirs and thus would easily come in and go out of our house as and when needed. This ideal friend would not mind asking us what we have on our mind and secretly solve our problems. This ideal friend would give us company whenever we need it the most. This would mean that he would give his shoulder whenever we are down and hug us when we get heart-broken. This ideal friend would also help us financially when we go through a credit crunch. He would interact with our problems in such a way that problems will start getting solved in a quick manner. (Author Unknown, 2008) His linkage with our lives is immensely significant since the ideal friend is ideal for the very same reason. This ideal friend will capture our hearts with his humor and wit and would not less us get bored whenever we need good company and a lift from our social and professional problems. An ideal friend keeps people happy with him and does not indulge in useless gossip. He concerns his own self with the betterment of his own personality as well as of his friends. He concentrates on the aspect of ‘giving’ more than anything else. He is humble and remains very polite at the best of times. He does not give into pressure which is exerted upon his personality every now and so often. Indeed an ideal friend is ideal in all facets of life. In the end, an ideal friend possesses so many qualities that it seems pretty hard to list down all of them. Most of these qualities do not exist in one such person to which we can remark as being the most ideal one possible. Hence there is enough reason that there is no ideal friend in this world for us. We forget that we also have to become an ideal friend for an individual so that he could become as such. But then again

I have dream speeh Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

I have dream speeh - Annotated Bibliography Example Mills gives an account of what really happened on that day that the speech was given in Washington. It is a useful source since it gives an account of the reaction of people and what actually transpired on the day of the speech (Mills, 2000) Johns gives a biography of Martin Luther Jr and his struggle for liberation of the black people. This source opens up the whole history of Martin Luther and will be able to give more comprehensive information necessary for your research (Jones, 1931) The sources selected will help you in the research since some of them are the actual speech specifically from the speaker himself. The video also provide a clear view of the speech hence avoiding any form of errors. The primary sources are very accurate and very useful in the initial stage while conducting a research. Other sources discuss the views of the speech hence this will help the researcher in articulating and getting various views and critiques of the speech, which will help, in conducting this

How Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) affects consumer behaviour - Literature review

How Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) affects consumer behaviour - The case of Mercedes Benz - Literature review Example The study by Fahlquist (2008) points out that those in industrialized countries are sufficiently knowledgeable about roles in related issues. These citizens chose to function in ways which contribute to issues or their corresponding solutions. In effect, individuals have now become more morally responsible in managing their environmental issues (Fahlquist, 2008). Since such obligation mostly relates to citizenship, it has assisted in accomplishing obligations supporting elements of citizenship. Consumer citizens often functions beyond their interests as consumers and are responsible for the long-term issues beyond themselves (Varney, 2002). The highlight of consumer responsibility is for citizens considering the impact of their purchasing choices, for themselves, but also the outside world. As corporations have been prompted to apply practices relating to CSR, consumers are also responsible for applying purchase votes to ensure favourable social results (Dickinson and Carsky, 2005). Consumers have specific stages of responsibility which they also express in terms of preferences in relation to socially favourable features or more extensive CSR qualities, thereby including new products and supporting new socially effective factors for production and consumption (Vogel, 2005). Corporate actions which assess company and their social and environmental actions which exceed legal and regulatory standards are usually based on a business case where consumer views and demands impact on corporate social responsibility and sustainability resources (Barnett, 2007). Still, findings from different studies are not consistent (Margolis, et.al., 2008). Moreover, reviews of such research relating to consumer impact imply how CSR influences consumer behaviour (Bhattacharya and Sen, 2004). Although CSR has significant implications on marketing functions including advertising and branding, not much is known about the impact on consumer

Is David Hume's argument against William Paley here a strong one Essay

Is David Hume's argument against William Paley here a strong one - Essay Example From the evidence of inventors who developed new ideas, this argument is flawed because there would be no logical design that the inventors had encountered before designing their inventions. This indicates that Hume’s argument was based on ignorance; there was no way that he would know that new designs would be invented; designs that would negate his argument. Hume’s argument is also flawed because of the apparent contradictions present in the argument itself. A summary of the argument indicates that Hume believed that an individual should only believe that an object is made from design if the individual had previously encountered similar design. Therefore, the argument by Hume seems to indicate that an individual who had not encountered design should not attribute designs to the working of a designer. This argument means that Hume preempts the human mind; the argument tries to negate the working of the human mind in deducing the result of design. The other factor that indicates that Hume’s argument was a weak argument is in the design of the universe. Contrary to the biological argument presented by Hume, the universe is an infinite product of design. This means that any human being can attribute the design of the universe to some supreme deity, a fact that Hume tries to negate in his argument. The anthology that an individual has to have experienced design in order to recognize other instances of design would serve to negate the possibility of a supreme deity who gives humans deductive ability. Therefore, the argument by Hume can be considered weak because of its structural failures and the proposition. The fact there exists unique designs in the universe is also proof that Hume’s argument was not strong. This is because design is the product of the intellect, creativity, and innovativeness. Hume’s argument seems to propose that design is born of

Activism and the Nineteen-Sixties Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Activism and the Nineteen-Sixties - Essay Example The older generation, the ‘establishment’, was of the WWII period and operated under a nationalistic perspective.   They believed that to be a true patriot was to blindly follow the authority of the governmental powers that be, to support your ‘country’ even when you thought it was wrong.   The young college protesters, the ‘new generation’, the counter-culture redefined this notion of patriotism. They believed that to be truly patriotic was to question the decisions of government and openly dissent when it was judged to be wrong. The philosophical chasm was wide and emotions ran deep on both sides. Those that protested sacrificed much. They suffered the scorn of their parents who couldn’t understand why their children were rebelling against the very foundation of their parents’ beliefs thus causing what was referred to as the ‘generation gap.’ Some war protesters were killed by soldiers of the National Guard as was the case at Kent State and South Carolina State. The protesters and draft-dodgers were thought of as anti-American by the mainstream citizenry who regarded their actions as nothing short of treasonous. This attitude makes one wonder what the ‘greatest generation’ thought they were fighting for during WWII. They fought to defend freedom on foreign soil but were very much opposed to the constitutionally guaranteed right to peacefully assemble in their own country. The war protesters of the 1960s had the courage to act upon their political and philosophical convictions unlike those who are opposed to the Iraq War today. The two conflicts are eerily similar on many fronts yet the public reaction has been very dissimilar. Then as now, those opposed to the war are characterized as unpatriotic or as not supporting the troops, both of which, of course, is patently ridiculous concepts. The major difference is that the draft personalized the conflict for many more Americans. More families had a personal stake in the Vietnam War as opposed to the war in Iraq which only affects a small segment of the population.  

Chinas One Child Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Chinas One Child Policy - Essay Example While both sides have claims, reasoning and evidence, Toulmin’s model of argumentation is not specifically used by either side. The argument is also a very political one. Each side has different cultures and values, and these form a large part of the context that must be considered when examining the claims and context in this debate. Authorities in China say that since 2000, more than 250 million live births have been prevented by the use of this policy. They claim that if these people had been born, the current infrastructure and social structure in China would be unable to support them and that China would be weaker today. This argument goes to the core of the policy and is one of the main reasons it was implemented in the first place by the Chinese government back in the late 1970s following the period of economic opening led by Deng Xiaping. At the time the policy was implemented by the government there were grave concerns about China being overpopulated and being unable to support its own people. This led some politicians to suggest the one child policy. Another cause was the fact that contraception was not widely available back at the time this policy went into effect. It was harder for women to control their own reproduction; instead, the state decided to take control. The state argues this was done out of necessity because of the social and cultural aspects in vogue at the time. But today, several decades later, many wonder if it was even necessary. For example, has it done much to address this state problem?

Deon Meyer Dead Before Dying Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Deon Meyer Dead Before Dying - Essay Example Whereas it cannot be argued that Death Before Dying should be understood as a pinnacle achievement of literature, it nonetheless engages the reader in several levels of understanding concerning violence and its role within the culture and expectations of Africa. Within such an understanding, the following analysis will seek to perform a literary analysis upon Death Before Dying as a means of highlighting and underscoring the level of prejudice and implied expectations that the author conveys within this particular book.... ever having been there, he/she will most likely leverage a prior level of understanding and/or stereotypes that are somewhat universal and exist in the minds of the majority of readers. By utilizing such a tactic, it is possible for the author to convey deep shades of meaning in only a few words.5 Such is very much the case in the novel in question. Rather than spending the first half of the book describing the cultural elements and unique levels of understanding that help to define violence within Africa, the author instead leverages this expectation of violence as a means of cementing the existing prejudices that are evident with regards to Africa.6 Although this is not the author’s main criteria, it nonetheless functions as a powerful means of securing a vivid and profound image in the mind of the reader and reinforcing that image as the storyline progresses.7 Though it might seem as somewhat silly for the reader to expect a simple novel as a possible opportunity to become further informed concerning the realities that define life and understandings of violence within Africa, the ultimate fact of the matter is that this form of media is precisely the type of information that serves to either crush or reinforce existing stereotypes within the minds of the reader.8 As such, the author begins the novel with a terse presentation of the current state of South Africa. From the very opening lines, the reader can infer that something of a powerful expectation for violence is instilled not only within the main characters but also within the media and general population of the nation as well. As a means of even further reinforcing such an understanding, the author tacitly alludes to violence serving the media and the populace as something of a means of interest. Although

Imporatance of 3 Period Name Lesson Essay Example for Free

Imporatance of 3 Period Name Lesson Essay For the purpose of giving a clear perception of an idea in association with language, Montessori advised that the â€Å"three period lesson† of Seguin should be used. The periods are: 1st period: â€Å"The association of the sensory perception with the name†. Example: Give the child a large and a small cylinder and say â€Å"this is large† and â€Å"this is small. † 2nd period: â€Å"Recognition of the object corresponding to the name. † Example: Ask the child to indicate which is the large cylinder and which is the small cylinder. rd period: â€Å"the remembering of the name corresponding to the object. † Example: show the child the large cylinder and say â€Å"what is this? † then show him the small cylinder and say â€Å"what is this? † The 3 period name lesson is very useful because it is very simple and very clear for the child. Furthermore the teacher does not ask the child to actually name the object until she is sure he can recognize it. The importance of the three period lesson cant be underestimated. This tool can be used anywhere. In the classroom we use it to introduce letter sounds, number values and symbols, continent names, plants and animals, but it is not limited just to the classroom. It can also be used in the playground, in the kitchen, at music lessons, even at the super market. It can even be used to introduce object names in a second language. There is no limit to how this lesson can be used because, under the right circumstances, there is no limit to the amount of information a child between the ages of 3 and 6 is capable of absorbing. The real beauty of the three period lesson is that it allows Montessori teachers to meet each child exactly where they are. In other words, the technique allows the children as much time as they need to learn each new concept some children will absorb a concept quickly and only need the lesson once or twice while other children may want to be given the lesson many times until they are confident enough to move on.

Spanish and Chinese Civil Wars

Spanish and Chinese Civil Wars Both China and Spain are salient examples of the turbulence that afflicted nations in the twentieth century who swooped from imperial to democratic regimes amidst a tide of protracted ideological struggles. Many of the causes of both civil wars stemmed from economically backward markets, pendulums of power and widespread social discontent, problems that were exacerbated by external influences and involvement. The collapse of Chinas Manchu dynasty and the abolition of Spains Monarchy lead to political vacuums filled by revolutionaries and reformers with little sense of a unified China or Spain. What ensued were two vicous civil wars. Despite these similarities, subtle differences in culture expound the very different outcomes of these civil wars The deep Nationalism displayed by the Chinese at the turn of the 20th Century that lead to the extensive xenophobia and formation of two conflicting revolutionary movements can be seen as a major cause in the Chinese Civil War. For centuries, the somewhat egocentric Chinese nature based in Confucian values created a precious, self-sufficient and culturally rich nation. However, this immemorial concept of superiority was brutally damaged following the Opium Wars with Britain in 1839 and 1842, questioning the unchallenged notion of Chinese supremacy. By 1890, Britains military foothold resulted in the diplomatic creation of over fifty foreign enclaves and the establishment of concession areas within major cities. Chinas ancient imperial political system was feeble in the face of Western governments and failed to generate valuable resistance, humiliating and degrading the Chinese people thus forming the foundations of the revolutionary movements that would lead China into Civil War. An early example of this can be seen in the anti-foreign devil movement of 1900, known as the Boxer Rebellion. Although proving unsuccessful, the rising revealed the incompetence of the imperial authorities and contributed to the Manchu governments failures to recognise the discontent amongst its people. In October 1911 the insurrection came to a head, and the Manchu dynasty abdicated, the last Emperor, Pu-Yi, was banished to the Forbidden City and a new Republic was formed. Similarly, in Spain, the push for democracy was at the centre of political instability and is consequently a cause of the Spanish Civil War. As a constitutional monarchy, Spain at the turn of the century was facing a catastrophic decline in national pride due to colonial losses in Central and South America and a dwindling economic situation. The brutal theory of Hispanidad proclaimed Spain the centre of World history and the Army saw its role move away from defending against external enemies and move towards redeeming Spain from the increasingly popular Bolsheviks, liberals and atheists that threatened the popular fascist values of Accion Espanola. This heightened political dissatisfaction resulted in the bloodless coup of 1923, in which King Alfonso XIII appointed Primo de Riviera the leader of the First Republic. Rivieras rule was for the most part unsuccessful and reliant on heavy borrowing; he ignored the dire need for social reforms in order to combat Spains unemployment issues. A similar situation ensued within China where the new republican leader Sun Yatsen struggled to hold power over the reactionary and corrupting General Yuan Shikai who, despite having promise stability to China, solved few basic economic or political problems. Although these long term causes alone were insufficient to cause civil war, it can be seen that in both Spain and China the overthrow of the Manchu dynasty and the abdication of King Alfonso XII created not solely ineffective and undemocratic republics but power vacuums amidst rampant, deep-rooted nationalism and pride. Economically and socially backward, Spain was an agric nation. Compared to neighbouring European countries, there had been little industrial development in Spain during the 19th Century. The semi-feudal land system that dominated the South created a divisive wealth gap between affluent Landowners and deprived landless peasants. In other Northern regions the few industrially developed areas like Asturias and Catalonia had successfully developed textile and coal factories. The exploitation in rural and industrial areas led to the growth of radical political persuasions. Anarchism and socialism prospered as demands for worker control of factories flourished. Furthermore, the Republics failures to adequately tackle the damage inflicted on Spain as a result of the 1929 Wall Street Crash created a reputation that democracy and economic hardship where synonymous. Hence the result of Spains extensive poverty was a loss of faith in the Republic and a turn by the masses towards radical politic s and extremist groups. Likewise, Chinas economic and social grievances were largely based in rural poverty. Despite its abundant natural resources; coal, oil and ore, ninety percent of the population were peasants. A lack of modern manufacturing resulted in a constant need for imports, high inflation and dwindling food supplies. The fragmented, de facto government that followed the death of Yuan Shikai in 1916, comprised of regional military leaders or warlords. It was these locally powerful individuals who exploited and terrorised the country, a step away from any sense of national cohesion. To exacerbate their unpopularity the Bejiing government and warlords frequently negotiated with foreign powers over land and exports. It could be argued that the 4th May movement in 1919 as much a reaction against foreign exploitation an the unfavourable Versailles agreements as a reaction against the powerful and betraying warlords. This disunity and poverty intensified the resentment of Chinese nationalists, providi ng further direction and focus to revolutionary movements like the GMD and CCP, who were primarily inspired by a hatred of warlordism. It was the affronts to national pride committed by warlords and foreign devils that presented the Chinese people with a collective sense of injustice. So, it can be noted that in both China and Spain the economic turbulence was a key factor in the formation of reactionary political groups. Slow industrialisation in both countries created inequality and a lack of trust in their respective political systems. Author and historian Jung Chang recounts her fathers reasons for joining the communist party in Wild Swans as a result of, widespread fighting amongst warlords, who all levied heavy taxes combined with the effects of the Great depression and Maos policy of Chinese must not fight Chinese appealed to his sense of nationalism as well as offering equality and change. In China, political instability largely sprouted from 19th Century disaffection with the imperial rule. Challenges to this authoritarian ruling can be noted in the Boxer Rebellion and then in the 1911 revolution. However, such an ancient and customary hierarchy was an intrinsic Chinese value, devotion and reverence towards authority dominated culture. This strict social discipline and veneration of conformity might suggest that the Chinese never really sought democracy, the totalitarian regimes that followed their revolution illustrate the continuation of hereditary traditions. This forced and manufactured form of revolution then underpinned the succession of weak governments that lead China into civil war. The rules of Yuan Shikai and Sun Yatsen, never adequately filled the power vacuum left following the removal of Emperor Pu-Yi. Their weak ideologies and failed reforms lead to the violent and destructive warlord era that lasted from 1916 until 1927. It was the brutality of this regime that fuelled future leaders like Mao into the belief that, Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun. For this reason, the warlord era advanced the Chinese Revolution through the disunity and fragmentation it created but also through the vicious extremist ideologies it ignited. Despite the formation of the United Front between the GMD and CCP in order to combat the warlords retarding the approach of civil war, this alliance broke down by 1927 when the GMD purged the CCP. Chiang Kai-sheks White Terror in 1927 demonstrated the temporary nature of the United Front and stresses the deep resentment between opposing ideologies. Furthermore, Chiangs resistance to defend Manchuria against Japan and vario us foreign encroachments instead focusing on the annihilation of the Communists disillusioned many, Jung Changs father included, she writes, the communist slogan Chinese must not fight Chineseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ and the Communist stance about fighting the Japanese and about creating a just society fired [my fathers] imagination and he joined the party in 1938. Consequently, Chiang was deeply unpopular, increased political polarisation ensued, feuds and purges accelerated the existing factors that stemmed from imperialism. Spain too endured unstable political leadership as well as deep internal divisions, however, without the Chinese threat of invasion and foreign infringement a swinging pendulum of governments developed. Radical reforms were introduced, removed and then reintroduced with each election. Chaos erupted. The first, Left Republic of 1931 introduced a series of highly contentious laws; Catalonia was granted a degree of autonomy following secession campaigns, there was nationalisation of the land and most controversially, the Church was entirely separated from the state. Church bell ringing was banned, Catholic Schools closed and Church land redistributed. The traditional and conservative core of Spain were enraged, the Church became a martyr with which the landowners and Right united to form CEDA. Even the Left was aggravated by the reforms that they felt lacked depth and passion, as a result, the Socialists withdrew support and the Left suffered electoral defeat in 1933. The triumphant Rig ht Wing Republic then instigated what became known by the Left as the bienos negros, two years where all reforms were reversed, socialism and anarchism repressed. Declarations of Communism in the Asturias region in 1934 were brutally suppressed by General Francos forces, three-thousand were killed. The Left, fearing a Right wing dictatorship then formed the Popular Front. In 1936, there was a pendulum swing back to a Popular Front led government. Peasants began seizing land they felt was now theirs, the Falange and Church launched uprisings and revolts against the left. From February to July of 1936 there were three-hundred political killings. The revenge killing of Sotello was manipulated by the Right to justify a brutal and extreme coup, the start of Civil War. The result of such a turbulent and ever-changing political landscape was division, division within the already divided factions. The Left Bloc governments angered their support because of the diverse ideologies between grou ps, the Right too comprised of various groups with wildly differing objectives. Thus every government failed to appease each individual assemblage. Elwood suggests it was this lack of consensus over anything that caused disillusionment with democratic politics and brutal caciquismo political polarisation of which only violence could conquer. Infamously, Carr branded the Spanish Civil War a European civil war fought on Spanish territory. A proxy war for the amplified political tensions of Europe post-WWI, the first major battle between Fascism and Communism. Equally, the Chinese Civil War was caused by ideological conflicts between incompatible parties. The GMD a nationalist yet democratic party following the three principles of the people deeply contested the CPP philosophy, based in the signification of Marxism, Mao Zedong believed Chinas revolution should be peasant-led. These conflicting values produced a series of conflicts culminating in two civil wars that straddled WWII. Chiangs abhorrence of the CCP resulted in his White Terror Campaign in 1927 where the GMD turned savagely on the allied CCP, purging 5000 known communists and sympathisers in Shaghai alone. GMD troops pursued the CCP into Jiangxsi where, for seven years, and through five encirclements campaigns the remnants of the CCP fought against persistent Nat ionalist assaults. These intractable problems forced the CCP into a march of martyrdom know as the Long March, engraining an impassioned need for justice into their plight. In Spain, however divisions spread further and more intricately. In George Orwells Homage to Catalonia, he describes the internecine that blighted both the Left and Right as, hatred between those nominally on the same side, especially Stalinists and Trotskyists. Significantly on the Left, divisions between Anarchist, Socialist, Marxist and Trade Unionist factions led to disunity and disagreement. The entrenchment of these differences meant that no democratic process could focus the varying priorities. Moreover, the colossal polarisation and radicalisation of politics between Left and Right directly opposed the Republic, the basis for a vicious and unrelenting war. Whereas, in China the extremity of fascism was not present, and although equally as divided as Spain, internal division was minimal and insignificant. In China, there was a common aim; a strong independent nation and so, although the ideological differences provided basis for civil war, the tensions were not significant the mselves to cause war.

The Relationship Between Man And Woman English Literature Essay

The Relationship Between Man And Woman English Literature Essay Thesis: Developing a healthy relationship between a man and a woman is a challenging endeavor. The step from a relationship to a commitment of marriage passes several stages. A man marries a woman for who she is and not for who she trying to be. Audience: Fellow students and Dr. Janssens Purpose: To illustrate the possible challenging factors for a woman and a man in a relationship; to nurture and maintain all the way to the altar. Everyone heard the story about the prince who marries the town maiden. Or the handsome eligible bachelor who could have any girl he wants, nevertheless who falls in love with an ordinary woman who is difficult to deal with. At the wedding, the guy feels like luckiest guy in the universe. Meanwhile, his family is popping antacids wondering, Why her? Then the speculation starts: Is it the cooking? Is it the sex? Did she brainwash him? What they are dying to do is pull the guy aside and ask him point-blank, Why are you marrying such a bitch? Four years ago, after my 36th birthday party once again I ask myself a question, Why are you still single? I was never a kind of women that would chaise a man and push him into a commitment. Nevertheless, I have always wondered, What is that one thing (or perhaps more) that blocking me from finding my soul mate? So, one day, I was in a book store and I could not take away my eyes from a title that said, Why Man Marry Bitch? I have to admit that I have never thought about any married woman being cruel or damn, instead I always have thought that they were most fortuned woman in the world. So, with curiosity of what is behind this book title, I brought the book. S. Argon is the author of the US national bestseller Why Man Love Bitches and Why Man Marry Bitches. The author has contributed to more than thirty magazines, including Cosmopolitan and Esquire. Her books have been featured on prime-time sitcoms as well as on The OReilly Factor, Fox Magazine, and the View and are published in more than twenty languages. In Why Man Marry Bitches S. Argon is not giving another how to fetch a man advise. This book captured my attention not by it remotely suggesting that I am incomplete until I find my better half. This book challenges convention, broaden our understanding of why some relationships dont progress, and modernize the way we think, about how man chooses his soul mate. The author encourages woman who feel like doormats to develop a sense of independence. When the author uses the word bitch, the woman she is describing is not cruel or mean. Throughout the book the author uses bitch in a tongue-in-cheek (Argon 12) way. As the author claims, this term intent to be satirical (53) However, content of the book is faraway from actual meaning of this word, so I think the title of the book has to be magnetic for all types of woman, including married and single. In my opinion, married woman would stay away from this book as title offends her even in the context of the book bitch described as a strong, secure, independent woman. Therefore, the title of the book might drop down the number of readers that are concerned about the book cover. Moreover, readers of this book might be man as well as woman in order to understand both sides of conflicts in relationships. The plot of this book is following. As a physiatrist and relationship expert, the author questions hundreds of man and woman in order to solve each and every aspect of relationship, leaving nothing unsolved. Throughout the book, the author draws several conclusions, attached with graphs of surveys that she researched over the past ten years. Every other page includes Relationship Principle # according to results of survey and different perspectives on a particular situation in relationship between man and woman. The author claims that when woman thinks that she need to need a man (25) she is wrong. I agree with the author as I think woman should have sense of independence where she can see and perceive things with broader mind. For example, in the movie Closer Natalie Portman asks Judie Law, why he is madly in love with the photographer (played by Julia Roberts) It is because she is successful? No. He said it is because she doesnt need him.(78) Another interesting fact from the book says, There is nothing more puzzled to a man than something he had to wait for, work for, or struggle a little bit to get. (40) Who would argue with that? Not me. I believe that men are natural-born competitors. When a man is in pursuit mode, he gets the same feeling he gets when hes playing a slot machine in a casino. He can lose ten times in a row, but hell still be on the edge of his seat thinking, Im almost winning. Every time he thinks he is losing, all women have to do is sweeten the pot. If his woman asks him to fix something, she makes him feel like a winner. If she convince him he had a great idea, he is winner. In conclusion, Why Man Marry Bitch challenging woman and man to look beyond their capability of problem solving in relationship and make an effort to understand, to respect ones opinion, to open new challenges, to like and to love, but to always keep that silky curtains between two genders. No matter how equal and powerful each gender can be, there are always break-points when one could do not more than other and so one could need no more from other, however, still could love and cherish each other. Finally, Why Man Marry Bitches? Perhaps man marry woman because à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Once upon a time there was a princess. Along came a prince who asked her if she would like to ride on his white horse. She said, Id like to take a ride on your horse, but I cant right now because Im a little busy getting my own horse. Go ride off into the sunset without me, and Ill catch up to you a little later. Suddenly, the prince is dumbfounded. He is never heard anything like this before. Something clicks inside him, and it starts a fire within him that he cant put out, because she doesnt need him. And then he says, I have to be with her for the rest of my life.(225) Words count: 1020

The Benefits of Responsible Human Cloning Essay -- Argumentative Persu

The Benefits of Responsible Human Cloning      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On an unremarkable afternoon in July of 1996, in an unremarkable shed in Scotland, a lamb was born. This lamb was to spark a controversy that would be one of the defining arguments of this era. This lamb, simply named "Dolly" (after Dolly Parton in reference to the mammary cell used as the donor), was the first clone to be born using specialized cells from an adult mammal. The fact that the lamb was cloned from these specialized cells - such as muscle cells, liver cells, or mammary cells - is what made this discovery of such importance. Before this, scientists had thought that these cells had lost their ability to grow into a new embryo. They had already cloned embryos, but this revelation meant that a clone could be produced from an adult subject. At first, one would think that little benefit could be derived from such a discovery, beyond the novelty of being able to make an exact copy of one's self, but scientists soon theorized many benefits that could result from such a procedure. A more hom ogeneous control group for use in science experiments involving animals would be an obvious example. A completely similar group of animals is extremely difficult if not impossible to accomplish without the use of cloning. The current research being conducted on aging would benefit greatly from this application of cloning. The medical field could also be helped by cloning. Cells from a cloned embryo could be used to treat such illnesses as Parkinson's Disease and muscular dystrophy. Also, entire organs could be grown to replace failing ones, thus entirely eliminating t he long wait for a matching donor. This would also eliminate the harvesting of organs from the prisoners... ...fin, Dr. Harry. "Cloning and Genetic Modification: A Brief History of Nuclear Transfer." Roslin Institute Online. Online. 11 Dec. 1997. Herbert, Wray, Jeffery L. Sheler, and Traci Watson. "The World After Cloning: A Reader's Guide to What Dolly Hath Wrought." U.S. News and World Report 10 Mar. 1997: 59-63. Kolata, Gina. Clone: The Road to Dolley and the Path Ahead. New York, William Morrow and Company, Inc., 1998. Macklin, Ruth. "Human Cloning? Don't Just Say No." U.S. News and World Report 10 Mar. 1997: 64. Mario, Christopher. "A Spark of Science, a Storm of Contoversy." U.S. 1 Newspaper 5 Mar. 1998. PrincetonInfo.com. Online. 9 Mar. 1998. "Papal Panel Condemns Cloning, Warns of Genetic Research Dangers." Fox News. Online. 3 Mar. 1998. Shapiro, Harold T. "Ethical and Policy Issues of Human Cloning." Email to the author. 10 March 1998.

Business Strategies :: essays research papers

Strategy evaluation is an attempt to look beyond the obvious facts regarding the short-term health of a business and appraise instead those more fundamental factors and trends that govern success in the chosen field of endeavor. Strategy can also be defined as a set of objectives, policies and plans that, taken together, define the scope of the enterprise and its approach to survival and success. Alternatively, we could say that the particular policies, plans, and objectives of a business express its strategy for coping with a complex competitive environment. A good business strategy can be broadly categorized into functions like consistency, consonance, advantage, and feasibility. A strategy that fails to meet one or more of these criteria is strongly in suspect. It fails to perform at least one of the key functions that are necessary for the survival of the business. Inconsistency in business is not simply a flaw in logic. A key function of strategy is to provide coherence to organizational action. A clear and explicit concept of strategy can foster a climate of tacit coordination that is more efficient than most administrative mechanisms. Organizational conflict and interdepartmental bickering are often symptoms of managerial disorder, but may also indicate problems of strategic inconsistency. It is no exaggeration that to say that competitive strategy is the art of creating or exploiting those advantages that are most telling, enduring, most difficult to duplicate. Competitive strategy, in contrast with generic strategy, focuses on the differences among firms rather than their common missions. Competitive advantages can normally be traced to one of the three roots: (1) superior skills, (2) superior resources, and (3) superior position. Positional advantage is of two types, first mover advantages and reinforcers. First movers may also gain advantages in building distribution channels, in trying up specialized suppliers, or in gaining the attention of customers. Reinforcers are policies and practices acting to strengthen or preserve a strong market position and which are easier to carry because of the position. Other position-based advantages include the ownership of special raw material sources or advantageous long-term supply contracts; being geographically located near k ey customers in a business involving significant fixed investment and high transportation costs; being a leader in a service field that permits or requires the building of a unique experience base while serving clients; being a full-line producer in a market with heavy trade-up phenomena; having a wide reputation for providing a needed for providing a needed product or service trait reliably and dependably. Business Strategies :: essays research papers Strategy evaluation is an attempt to look beyond the obvious facts regarding the short-term health of a business and appraise instead those more fundamental factors and trends that govern success in the chosen field of endeavor. Strategy can also be defined as a set of objectives, policies and plans that, taken together, define the scope of the enterprise and its approach to survival and success. Alternatively, we could say that the particular policies, plans, and objectives of a business express its strategy for coping with a complex competitive environment. A good business strategy can be broadly categorized into functions like consistency, consonance, advantage, and feasibility. A strategy that fails to meet one or more of these criteria is strongly in suspect. It fails to perform at least one of the key functions that are necessary for the survival of the business. Inconsistency in business is not simply a flaw in logic. A key function of strategy is to provide coherence to organizational action. A clear and explicit concept of strategy can foster a climate of tacit coordination that is more efficient than most administrative mechanisms. Organizational conflict and interdepartmental bickering are often symptoms of managerial disorder, but may also indicate problems of strategic inconsistency. It is no exaggeration that to say that competitive strategy is the art of creating or exploiting those advantages that are most telling, enduring, most difficult to duplicate. Competitive strategy, in contrast with generic strategy, focuses on the differences among firms rather than their common missions. Competitive advantages can normally be traced to one of the three roots: (1) superior skills, (2) superior resources, and (3) superior position. Positional advantage is of two types, first mover advantages and reinforcers. First movers may also gain advantages in building distribution channels, in trying up specialized suppliers, or in gaining the attention of customers. Reinforcers are policies and practices acting to strengthen or preserve a strong market position and which are easier to carry because of the position. Other position-based advantages include the ownership of special raw material sources or advantageous long-term supply contracts; being geographically located near k ey customers in a business involving significant fixed investment and high transportation costs; being a leader in a service field that permits or requires the building of a unique experience base while serving clients; being a full-line producer in a market with heavy trade-up phenomena; having a wide reputation for providing a needed for providing a needed product or service trait reliably and dependably.

Paper Towns Book Response Essay

The? Book? Talk? visual? which? caught? my? eye? the? most? was? Clare? Considine’s? project? on? ‘Paper? Towns’? by? John? Greene.? After? talking? with? her? I? learned? the? book? is? about? two? young? people,? Margo? and? Quentin? who? navigate? through? their? senior? year? in? the? suburbs? of? Orlando,? Florida? in? the? early? 2000’s.? When? exposed? to? a? dead? man? who? has? committed? suicide? in? Jefferson? park,? Margo,? at? 10? years? old? says? â€Å"Maybe? all? the? strings? inside? him? just? broke. †? After? this? moment,? the? two? continually? link? human? emotions? to? acting? as? â€Å"strings†? throughout?the? novel.? In? the? middle? of? the? book? Margo? runs? away? and? the? plot? is? transformed? to? Quentin’s? finding? her? on? a? long? road? trip? with? his? two? best? friends? Ben? and? Radar? and? Ben’s? girlfriend? Lacey.? The? two? create? idealist? views? of? each? other? which? only? by? the? end? is? proven? wrong? by? reality.? In? the? visual,? there? is? a? series? of? 6? maps? showing? the? states? which? are? driven? through? in? the? novel? to? find? Margo,? North? Carolina,? South? Carolina,? Pennsylvania,? New? York,? Virginia,? and? Florida.? Starting? at? the? front? of? the? map? and? ending? at? the? end,? there? is? a? path? which? takes? the? viewers? of? this? visual? through? the? plot? of? the? story.? Also,? there? are? various? quotes? spread? about? the? map? to? support? the? explanation? of? the? plot.? To? begin,? the? trail? starts? at? two? houses,? Margo? and? Quentin’s.? Starting? here,? the? black? tacks? represent? Margo? and? the? white? tacks? show? Quentin.? This? contrast? to? me? exemplifies? a? ying? yang? situation.? Next,? the? string? goes? down? to? four? houses:? Lacey,? Jace,? Becca,? and? Karen’s,? whose? houses? have? a? spraypainted? ‘M’? on? them.? This? ‘M’? symbolizes? Margo’s?  anger? toward? them? because? her? ex? boyfriend? Jace? cheated? on? her? with? Becca? her? best? friend,? and? this? was? kept? a? secret? by? Karen? and? Lacey? her? are? her? close? friends? also.? It? then? leads? down? to? Sea? World? which? they? break? into? and? then? the? path? leads? to? the? sun? tower.? At? the? sun? tower? Margo? says? the? significant? quote? â€Å"All? those? paper? people? living? in? their? paper? houses,? burning? the? future? to? stay? warm.? All? the? paper? kids? drinking? beer? some? bum? bought? for? them? at? the? paper? convenience? store.? Everyone? demented? with? the? mania? of?  owning? things.? All? the? things? paper? thin? and? paper? frail.? All? all? the? people,? too.? I’ve? lived? here? for? eighteen? years? and? I? have? never? once? in? my? life? come? across? anyone? who? cares? about? anything? that? matters. †? After,? the? track? leads? to? two? paper? people? with? Margo? and? Quentin’s? tacks? on? them? suggesting? they? are? too? one? dimensional? paper? people? by? this? point.? Following,? Margo’s? tack? then? moves? into? a? question? mark? when? she? runs? away.? By? this? point? all? Quentin? knows? is? she? is? going? to? a? ‘Paper? Town’.? Quentin’s? tacks? continue? into?  subdivisions? in? Orlando,? Florida? where? he? begins? his? search? with? thoughts? that? by? ‘Paper? Towns’? she? is? referring? to? the? bland? subdivisions? with? nothing? ever? changing? but? does? not? find? her? there.? The? next? tack? is? at? a? barn? where? he? sees? Margo? has? spraypainted? the? words,? â€Å"You? will? go? to? Paper? Towns? and? you? will? never? return. †? There? he? realizes? Paper? Towns? are,? by? literal? definition,? fake? towns? choreographers? put? on? their? maps? to? prevent? plagiarism.? This? leads? him? to? Algoe,? New? York,? (represented? by? the? car? on? the? visual)? where? he?  finds? Margo? in? a? barn.? The? last? part? to? the? visual? is? a? little? booklet? with? ‘expectations,? assumptions? and? idealism’? written? on? the? pages,? illustrating? the? journal? Margo? keeps,? writing? down? all? to? happen? to? her? including? her? idealizations? for? Quentin.? This? points? out? the? moment? when? Quentin? and? Margo? realize? they? had? been? idealizing? one? another? to? be? something? they? are? not? the? whole? time? and? so? they? decide? to? part? ways.? Ultimately? this? visual? is? very? thorough? and? creative? and? illustrates? the? theme? of? the? ideal? person? being? nonexistent.

Lakota Way

English 100-13 21 October 2009 Family Virtues Virtues are usually taught through the eyes of the wise, also known as the elder. In the book The Lakota Way, by Joseph M. Marshall III, his tribe teaches virtues though story telling. The virtues of the Lakota tribe and those of my family are more similar then I had anticipated, although we do have our differences. The Lakota Way, stories and lessons for living, is a book written in 2001 by Joseph M. Marshall III. Marshall dedicates his book to Kimberly Jo Schumidt and Joseph N.Marshall II. The stories he tells through out his book are those that have been passed down from his family about the Lakota’s and their virtues. Marshall’s stories are based on morals and virtues. While reading chapter 3, â€Å"Respect,† of The LakotaWay I came to find several similarities between my family’s view and the Lakota’s view. Koskalaka is a young man, in this chapter, who goes out hunting in the woods and stumbles acr oss the Deer Woman whom his grandmother had told him about.His grandmother had mentioned that she knew a man who was never home because the Deer Woman took him, so he should avoid her as much as possible. The Lakotas are trying to teach respect to young Koskalaka. They are showing him that you should respect your family and those around you because one day you can lose it all. Like the Lakotas, my family has been taught respect through are generations. My family has taught us that family comes first and we must respect each other and ourselves. They have said that if we do not respect ourselves then neither are we respecting our family name.I asked my mom what respect was when I was younger and she said,â€Å"respect is not something to just play around with, you should always give people the respect they deserve and treat people the way that you would like to be treated. You shouldn't disrespect people and always keep in mind how you would feel if someone were to disrespect me the way that you are disrespecting them. † I took her words to heart and learned a valuable lesson that day, so much so that now when I see someone disrespecting another I feel the need to intervene.In The Lakota Way, Koskalaka meets the deer woman and remembers what his grandmother had told him and out of respect he declines her tempting offer to go with her. Just like Koskalaka respects his elder grandmother my siblings also have learned that we must respect people and more the elder. In the Lakota tribe, the grandmother said that when the Deer Woman takes them into her lodge she has sex with them but, when they wake the deer woman is no longer there leaving the man forgetful of his family and in search of the Deer Woman.Unlike the Lakotas, my family has gone out and seen their own type of deer woman wether it be with drugs, sex, or lies, but never have they forgotten about the rest of us. My family has learned to embrace one another when they have fallen into temptation, where the Lakotas would cast them out. My relatives have gone through many hardships and difficult situations but the morals have set into our heads like Koskalaka’s grandmother set into his head. The many men whom the Deer Woman lured into her lodge lost complete contact with their families and thus themselves.They left their family’s worried about where they could be and what could be happening to them. The men became selfish and inconsiderate, and  no longer showing the respect and attention that they should have been showing to their family because of the Deer Woman. Dissimilar to the men and woman of The Lakota Way, our morals have been embroiled into our minds that family should always come first, regardless of the over all out come in any situation.The Lakota’s virtues demonstrate virtues through story telling opposed to my family who teaches morals through real life example. They tell us stories of hardships one of our relatives have gone through and what w e have to do to avoid situations like that. The stories of respect in The Lakota Way are similar to those of my family’s. The Lakota’s are very virtues people who value their family and respect themselves just like the family of my own.

Hwangs trying to find Chinatown version4 Essay

Race has been a root of a lot of discords and wars for many centuries. From the past to the present, the world has been divided into different sides just because of this. However, the conflict that is caused by ethnicity is not only between people. Oftentimes, it is also between a person and himself. Many people from marginalized ethnic groups face internal struggles due to their incapability to accept their history, status and nationhood. They cannot accept their identity as a member of a certain race. However, people should accept their identity as a person belonging to a certain group of people. The reasons for this are numerous. First of all, acceptance of one’s own identity helps make a person satisfied and happy. Second, a person who cannot accept his identity is ashamed, not only of his race, but also of himself. Third, failure to accept identity prevents people from uniting and advancing a certain cause. Last and most importantly, of all aspects of identity, ethnicity, whether by blood by culture, is something that cannot be changed forever. These arguments will be explained in the following paragraphs using the experiences and opinions of Benjamin and Ronnie, as expressed in the play Trying to Find Chinatown. First, acceptance of one’s own identity helps make a person satisfied and happy. This is because that person has less to desire or wish for. On the contrary, a person who cannot accept his own identity is often dissatisfied and unhappy. Aside from the things that he need and desire such as money, food, success, popularity and friends, he will have an additional desire that is difficult to obtain. He will want to escape his own race and be part of another, which he believes to be better and more superior. This may be shown by the attitudes of Ronnie and Benjamin in the play. Of the two, Benjamin seems to be happier and more satisfied. In fact, he is more at peace. He is able to achieve this happiness from simple things such as the sounds of screaming in Cantonese and Sze-Yup in Chinatown (Hwang 1484). He is happy remembering his father chasing the boys who was shouting to him, â€Å"Gook! Chink! Slant-eyes† (Hwang 1482). He is also at peace sitting on a stoop on Chinatown while sucking hua-moi because he feels at home and he is happy to China as his home (Hwang 1484). This is the exact opposite of how Ronnie feels. He views himself to be nobody (See 1484) because he thinks his ethnic group is not important in the world, thus he cannot get a sense of pride for just being a part of it. While it takes simple things to make Benjamin happy, it also takes simple things to make Ronnie unhappy. He is unhappy using chopsticks, seeing ducks hanging on windows of restaurant and eating dim sum (See Hwang 1483). It is true that there are other factors like wealth and education that determines a person’s happiness and satisfaction. However, what differentiates a person who accepts his race from the one who does not is that, for the latter, satisfaction is always not possible. Despite his riches and the things he achieved, he will always have that secret desire to have a different identity. Second, a person who cannot accept his identity is ashamed, not only of his race, but also of himself. He will always be in denial of what he is. For example, in the play, Ronnie repeatedly denied being a part of the Chinese community such as that one that may be found in Chinatown. For him, such types of places do not tell anyone anything about who he is (See Hwang 1483). He takes any association of himself with his ethnicity as an insult. In the beginning of the play, Benjamin asked Ronnie where Chinatown is and the latter got mad because he though the former chose him to ask because he is Chinese (Hwang 1480). He even tries to hide his ethnicity through his clothes (See Hwang 1480). On the other hand, no trace of this shame as regards his race may be found on Benjamin. In fact, he is the one who tells people that China is his roots (See for example Hwang 1481). He takes pride of his history and his ancestors. Such pride in his background helps him to be proud of himself. Third, dissatisfaction with ethnicity prevents people from uniting and advancing a certain cause. On the contrary, satisfaction will help people achieve unity. Even just between Ronnie and Benjamin, this inability to unite is evident. Instead of being on the same side, they argue on the worth of being Chinese. Ronnie finds being part of a community that has opium dens, chopsticks, ducks, Ms. Saigon and dim sum is not something worth being a part of. On the other hand, Benjamin defends Chinese communities based on these features and more; like the sweets, the railroads and the workers. (See Hwang 1481, 1483-1484) If they cannot unite as between themselves, it is very difficult to imagine them fighting for the cause of their community together. This may be compared to the group of Asian students in the Midwest who went on hunger strike despite the probability that they have not experienced directly the evils they are fighting against (Hwang 1481-1482). Due to their acceptance of their ethnicity, they were able to identify with each other and unite to fight for a cause. Last and most importantly, of all aspects of identity, ethnicity, whether by blood by culture, is something that cannot be changed forever. It is ingrained in the way one talks, speaks and lives everyday. Even for someone like Benjamin who is not ethnic by blood, the Chinese culture has been ingrained in him from his childhood. Therefore, this culture becomes rooted in him too deep that it becomes a part of his identity. This cannot be uprooted easily. As a consequence, the dissatisfaction, shame and other things that arise from dissatisfaction will also stay. Therefore, a person like Ronnie may be able to assimilate to another culture and lead another mind. However, deep in the recesses of his mind, and in his heart, he knows that he does not belong and that there are people who will think such. Therefore, he will always be defensive of his status and ashamed of his past. In conclusion, people should accept the fact that they belong to a certain ethnic group. First of all, this will help them become satisfied and happy. Second, a person who cannot accept his identity is ashamed, not only of his race, but also of himself. Third, failure to accept identity prevents people from uniting and advancing a certain cause. Lastly, ethnicity, whether by blood by culture, is something that cannot be changed and will remain as part of a person’s identity forever.

Attention Getter Essay

Nowadays, many tragic accidents happen everywhere and this situation is alarming. Rate of accidents keep on increasing from day to day not just in the cities but also in rural areas. All of these accidents have made many people lost their families and loved ones. It is very pitiful when we get news about accidents which happen every day from newspapers. This shows that many people suffer when accidents happen to their family or relatives. Greetings: Good morning everyone. My name is Apollo Thesis statement: Today i would like to give a speech about the causes of happen road accidents. Summative Overview: Here are some causes of the road accidents happen such as: drink and drive, using cell phone while driving and teenage drivers. Benefit: It we know the causes of road accidents we can become more responsible and more careful to avoid road accidents/ those causes are reminds us to be more responsible to not only ourselves also the passenger in our car. Point 1: Drink and drive First of the causes is drinking and driving is the leading cause of car accidents. Driving while intoxication is dangerous, because drinking increases your inhibitions and self-confidence but lowers your driving performance and your ability to focus. In other words, alcohol impairs the decision-making ability of the brain. For example, when people get drunk, they do not even think they are drunk. They may feel like they can do anything. But they cannot. Many accidents occur because of drinking. These accidents involve mostly one car, but other people are killed by drunk drivers. People have to be educated about drinking and driving, so they do not kill themselves or innocent people on the road. Point 2: Using cell phone while driving The second point is using cell phones while driving is also a cause for car accidents. When a cell phone is used while driving, it distracts the attention of the driver, leading to car accidents. While using a cell phone  many people tend to miss the traffic signals, not really concentrating on driving. The process of dialing or answering the phone can make them lose control of the vehicle as well. Even though the driver is looking at the road, he or she can easily get distracted by the conversation. This can result in fatal accidents. Point 3: Teenage drivers Another cause of road accidents on the road is teenage drivers. Some teenagers cause fatal accidents, because of immaturity and lack of experience. Teenagers are very impulsive. Although not intending to hurt anyone, they sometimes drive very aggressively. It is not difficult to find teenagers driving with one hand on the steering wheel, seat pushed back, and with loud music playing. In traffic they go wild, trying to seek attention. They underestimate the risk of what they are doing. All these acts result is serious consequences on the road. Many accidents of young drivers result from their own mistakes. It will cause a psychological shadow in their future. Conclusion Re-thesis statement + summative overview: As conclusion, all this ways which are drink and drive, using cell phone while driving and teenage drivers are the causes of road accidents by avoid those causes we decrease the road accidents in our country and make a good image for the tourist who come to our country Benefit: We can learn to become more responsible to our passage it will help decrease the number of road accidents happen. By the way decrease the road accidents we can save more people . Clincher: By avoid road accidents we are not only saving our own life we also saving other people life too. Life is a gamble. You can get hurt, but people die in plane crashes, lose their arms and legs in car accidents; people die every day. Same with fighters: some die, some get hurt, some go on. You just don’t  let yourself believe it will happen to you!

Marketing Mix Extended on Kfc Essay

KFC History – Colonel Sanders Colonel Harland Sanders, founder of the original Kentucky Fried Chicken, was born on September 9, 1890. When he was six, his father died and his mother was forced to go to work while young Sanders took care of his three year old brother and baby sister. This meant he had to do much of the family cooking. By the time he was seven, Harland Sanders was a master of a range of regional dishes. After a series of jobs, in the mid 1930s at the age of forty, Colonel Sanders bought a service station, motel and cafe at Corbin, a town in Kentucky about 25 miles from the Tennessee border. He began serving meals to travelers on the dining table in the living quarters of his service station because he did not have a restaurant. It is here that Sanders began experimenting with different seasonings to flavor his chicken which travelers loved and for which he soon became famous. He then moved across the street to a motel and restaurant, which seated 142 people. During the next nine years he developed his secret recipe of 11 herbs and spices and the basic cooking technique which is still used today. Sander’s fame grew. Governor Ruby Laffoon made him a Kentucky Colonel in 1935 in recognition of his contributions to the state’s cuisine. And in 1939, his establishment was first listed in Duncan Hines’ â€Å"Adventures in Good Eating†. A new interstate highway carried traffic past the town, which soon had a devastating affect on his business. He sold up and travelled the United States by car, cooking chicken for restaurant owners and their employees. If the reaction was favorable Sanders entered into a handshake agreement on a deal which stipulated a payment to him of a nickel for each chicken the restaurant sold. By 1964, from that humble beginning, Colonel Harland Sanders had 600 franchise outlets for his chicken across the United States and Canada. Later that year Colonel Sanders sold his interest in the United States operations for $2 million. The 65-year-old gentleman had started a worldwide empire using his $105 social security cheque. Sadly, Colonel Harland Sanders passed away on December 16th, 1980 aged 90. Every day, nearly eight million customers are served around the world. KFC’s menu includes Original Recipe ® chicken — made with the same great taste Colonel Harland Sanders created more than a half-century ago. Customers around the globe also enjoy more than 300 other products — from a Chunky Chicken Pot Pie in the United States to a salmon sandwich in Japan. There are over 14,000 KFC outlets in 105 countries and territories around the world. KFC is part of Yum! Brands, Inc. , which is the world’s largest restaurant system with over 32,500 KFC, A;W All-American Foodâ„ ¢,Taco Bell, Long John Silver’s and Pizza Hut restaurants in more than 100 countries and territories. KFC In Bangladesh KFC stands for high quality fast food in a popular array of complete meals to enrich the consumer’s everyday life. KFC strives to serve great tasting, â€Å"finger lickin good† chicken meals that enable the whole family to share a fun. Uninhibited and thoroughly satisfying eating experience, with same convenience and affordability of ordinary Quick Service Restaurants. Transom Foods Limited, a concern of Transom Group is the franchisee of KFC in Bangladesh. The first ever KFC restaurant has been opened in September at Gulshan, Dhaka with a seating capacity of 178 persons. In the coming days, KFC plans roll out more restaurants in Bangladesh Colonel Harland Sanders Colonel Harland Sanders, born September 9, 1890, actively began franchising his chicken business at the age of 65. Now, the KFC ® business he started has grown to be one of the largest quick service food service systems in the world. And Colonel Sanders, a quick service restaurant pioneer, has become a symbol of entrepreneurial spirit. More than a billion of the Colonel’s â€Å"finger lickin’ good† chicken dinners are served annually. And not just in North America. The Colonel’s cooking is available in more than 80 countries and territories around the world. When the Colonel was six, his father died. His mother was forced to go to work, and young Harland had to take care of his three-year-old brother and baby sister. This meant doing much of the family cooking. By the age of seven, he was a master of several regional dishes. At age 10, he got his first job working on a nearby farm for $2 a month. When he was 12, his mother remarried and he left his home near Henryville, Ind. , for a job on a farm in Greenwood, Ind. He held a series of jobs over the next few years, first as a 15-year-old streetcar conductor in New Albany, Ind. and then as a 16-year-old private, soldiering for six months in Cuba. After that he was a railroad fireman, studied law by correspondence, practiced in justice of the peace courts, sold insurance, operated an Ohio River steamboat ferry, sold tires, and operated service stations. When he was 40, the Colonel began cooking for hungry travelers who stopped at his service station in Corbin, Ky. He didn’t have a re staurant then, but served folks on his own dining table in the living quarters of his service station. As more people started coming just for food, he moved across the street to a motel and restaurant that seated 142 people. Over the next nine years, he perfected his secret blend of 11 herbs and spices and the basic cooking technique that is still used today. Sander’s fame grew. Governor Ruby Laffoon made him a Kentucky Colonel in 1935 in recognition of his contributions to the state’s cuisine. And in 1939, his establishment was first listed in Duncan Hines’ â€Å"Adventures in Good Eating. † In the early 1950s a new interstate highway was planned to bypass the town of Corbin. Seeing an end to his business, the Colonel auctioned off his operations. After paying his bills, he was reduced to living on his $105 Social Security checks. Confident of the quality of his fried chicken, the Colonel devoted himself to the chicken franchising business that he started in 1952. He traveled across the country by car from restaurant to restaurant, cooking batches of chicken for restaurant owners and their employees. If the reaction was favorable, he entered into a handshake agreement on a deal that stipulated a payment to him of a nickel for each hicken the restaurant sold. By 1964, Colonel Sanders had more than 600 franchised outlets for his chicken in the United States and Canada. That year, he sold his interest in the U. S. company for $2 million to a group of investors including John Y. Brown Jr. , who later was governor of Kentucky from 1980 to 1984. The Colonel remained a public spokesman for the company. In 1976, an independent survey ranked the Colonel as the wor ld’s second most recognizable celebrity. Under the new owners, Kentucky Fried Chicken Corporation grew rapidly. It went public on March 17, 1966, and was listed on the New York Stock Exchange on January 16, 1969. More than 3,500 franchised and company-owned restaurants were in worldwide operation when Heublein Inc. acquired KFC Corporation on July 8, 1971, for $285 million. Kentucky Fried Chicken became a subsidiary of R. J. Reynolds Industries, Inc. (now RJR Nabisco, Inc. ), when Heublein Inc. was acquired by Reynolds in 1982. KFC was acquired in October 1986 from RJR Nabisco, Inc. by PepsiCo, Inc. , for approximately $840 million. In January 1997, PepsiCo, Inc. nnounced the spin-off of its quick service restaurants — KFC, Taco Bell and Pizza Hut — into an independent restaurant company, Tricon Global Restaurants, Inc. In May 2002, the company announced it received shareholders’ approval to change it’s corporation name to Yum! Brands, Inc. The company, which owns A&W All-American Food Restaurants, KFC, Long John Silvers, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell restaurants, is the world’s largest restaurant company in terms of system units with nearly 32,500 in more than 100 countries and territories. Until he was fatally stricken with leukemia in 1980 at the age of 90, the Colonel traveled 250,000 miles a year visiting the KFC restaurants around the world. And it all began with a 65-year-old gentleman who used his $105 Social Security check to start a business. Original Recipe ® is Still a Secret For years, Colonel Harland Sanders carried the secret formula for his Kentucky Fried Chicken in his head and the spice mixture in his car. Today, the recipe is locked away in a safe in Louisville, Ky. Only a handful of people know that multi-million dollar recipe (and they’ve signed strict confidentiality contracts). The Colonel developed the formula back in the 1930s when he operated a roadside restaurant and motel in Corbin, Kentucky. His blend of 11 herbs and spices developed a loyal following of customers at the Sanders Court & Cafe. â€Å"I hand-mixed the spices in those days like mixing cement,† the Colonel recalled, â€Å"on a specially cleaned concrete floor on my back porch in Corbin. I used a scoop to make a tunnel in the flour and then carefully mixed in the herbs and spices. † Today, security precautions protecting the recipe would make even James Bond proud. One company blends a formulation that represents only part of the recipe. Another spice company blends the remainder. A computer processing system is used to safeguard and standardize the blending of the products, but neither company has the complete recipe. â€Å"It boggles the mind just to think of all the procedures and precautions the company takes to protect my recipe,† the Colonel said. â€Å"Especially when I think how Claudia and I used to operate. She was my packing girl, my warehouse supervisor, my delivery person — you name it. Our garage was the warehouse. â€Å"After I hit the road selling franchises for my chicken, that left Claudia behind to fill the orders for the seasoned flour mix. She’d fill the day’s orders in little paper sacks with cellophane linings and package them for shipment. Then she had to put them on a midnight train. † Little did the Colonel and Claudia dream in those days that his formula would be famous around the world. Pressure Cooker Colonel Sanders was always experimenting with food at his restaurant in Corbin, Ky. , in those early days of the 1930s. He kept adding this and that to the flour for frying chicken and came out with a pretty good-tasting product. But customers still had to wait 30 minutes for it while he fried it up in an iron skillet. That was just too long to wait, he thought. Most other restaurants serving what they called â€Å"Southern† fried chicken fried it in deep fat. That was quicker, but the taste wasn’t the same. Then the Colonel went to a demonstration of a â€Å"new-fangled gizmo† called a pressure cooker sometime in the late 1930s. During the demonstration, green beans turned out tasty and done just right in only a few minutes. This set his mind to thinking. He wondered how it might work on chicken. He bought one of the pressure cookers and made a few adjustments. After a lot of experimenting with cooking time, pressure, shortening temperature and level, Eureka! He’d found a way to fry chicken quickly, under pressure, and come out with the best chicken he’d ever tasted. Today, there are several different kinds of cookers used to make Original Recipe ® Chicken. But every one of them fries under pressure, the principle established by this now-famous Kentuckian. The Colonel’s first pressure cooker is still around. It holds a place of honor at KFC’s Restaurant Support Center in Louisville, Ky. Yum Brands, Inc. Supplier Code of Conduct YUM! Brands, Inc. (â€Å"Yum†) is committed to conducting its business in an ethical, legal and socially responsible manner. To encourage compliance with all legal requirements and ethical business practices, Yum has established this Supplier Code of Conduct (the â€Å"Code†) for Yum’s U. S. suppliers (â€Å"Suppliers†). Compliance with Laws and Regulations Suppliers are required to abide by all applicable laws, codes or regulations including, but not limited to, any local, state or federal laws regarding wages and benefits, workmen’s compensation, working hours, equal opportunity, worker and product safety. Yum also expects that Suppliers will conform their practices to the published standards for their industry. Employment Practices Working Hours ; Conditions: In compliance with applicable laws, regulations, codes and industry standards, Suppliers are expected to ensure that their employees have safe and healthy working conditions and reasonable daily and weekly work schedules. Employees should not be required to work more than the number of hours allowed for regular and overtime work periods under applicable local, state and federal law. Non-Discrimination: Suppliers should implement a policy to effectuate all applicable local and federal laws prohibiting discrimination in hiring and employment on the grounds of race, color, religion, sex, age, physical disability, national origin, creed or any other basis prohibited by law. Child Labor: Suppliers should not use workers under the legal age for employment for the type of work being performed in any facility in which the Supplier is doing work for Yum. In no event should Suppliers use employees younger than 14 years of age. Forced and Indentured Labor: In accordance with applicable law, no Supplier should perform work or produce goods for Yum using labor under any form of indentured servitude, nor should threats of violence, physical punishment, confinement, or other form of physical, sexual, psychological, or verbal harassment or abuse be used as a method of discipline or control. Notification to Employees: To the extent required by law, Suppliers should establish company-wide policies implementing the standards outlined in this Code and post notices of those policies for their employees. The notices should be in all languages necessary to fully communicate the policy to its employees. Audits and Inspections Each Supplier should conduct audits and inspections to insure their compliance with this Code and applicable legal and contractual standards. In addition to any contractual rights of Yum or Unified Foodservice Purchasing Co-op, LLC (â€Å"UFPC†), the Supplier’s failure to observe the Code may subject them to disciplinary action, which could include termination of the Supplier relationship. The business relationship with Yum and UFPC is strengthened upon full and complete compliance with the Code and the Supplier’s agreements with Yum and UFPC. Application The Code is a general statement of Yum’s expectations with respect to its Suppliers. The Code should not be read in lieu of but in addition to the Supplier’s obligations as set out in any agreements between Yum or UFPC and the Supplier. In the event of a conflict between the Code and an applicable agreement, the agreement shall control. KFC Banani, KFC Gulshan, KFC Dhanmondi, KFC Mirpur , KFC Eskaton, KFC Laxmibazar, KFC New Baily Road, KFC Paltan, KFC Uttara, KFC Chittagong, KFC Cox’s Bazar. Restaurent Support Center (RSC) SE(F) – 5, Bir Uttam Mir Shawkat Ali Shorok (Gulshan Avenue), Gulshan – 1, Dhaka – 1212. Phone # 9894662 / 9894045 / 9886579 Fax # 9886222

Text in Context Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Text in Context - Essay Example This paper will seek to establish how this movie is fundamentally anti-romantic in its approach to love and life in general. Unlike other coming-of-age movies that offer up answers or possible ways out to this ‘quarter-life crisis’, Tiny Furniture merely brings out the humor in the situation; a situation that is necessarily devoid of meaning or significance and must, at best, be survived. The film opens with Aura (Lena Dunham) returning home from college. She enters her home with ‘Honey, I’m home!’ This going ignored, she calls out again ‘Family?’ This ironic opening sets the tone for the rest of the film which continuously makes fun of itself and its protagonists, most notably of Aura/Dunham herself. The hopelessness of Aura’s situation is ironically presented even in the film’s promotional poster which declares â€Å"Aura would like you to know that she’s having a very, very hard time.† Dunham, then, very consciously locates the film in the context of the comedic genre. The master of self-deprecatory ironic humor Woody Allen is also invoked in the film when Jed is seen, more than once, reading a copy of Without Feathers in bed. Although the movie is not replete with comic situations or dialogue, the ironic touch and the invocations of other comic legends places it quite firmly in the comic tradition. As far as generic contexts go, Tiny Furniture also belongs to that sub-genre of independent film called ‘mumblecore’ that has emerged recently. Characterized by its naturalist approach, often-improvised dialogue and low budget and production values, this new trend in independent films, has been grabbing critics’ attention over the last couple of years (‘Mumblecore’). Amy Taubin in her review of the genre declares that it is almost entirely homogenous: The directors are all male middle-class

Street art Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Street art - Research Paper Example The traditional graffiti have been increasingly espoused as a technique of advertising, and its trajectory leading its artists perform their tasks on contract basis as graphic artists for corporations in some particular cases. The street art is in itself a paradigm of hybridism in the global visual culture, a postmodern genre that is distinguished by real-time practice than by the sense of unified theory, movement, or message. This artistic work is a community of practice with its own learned, rules, codes, techniques of communication, and hierarchies of prestige. Historical analysis explains that the street art movement all began in New York in the 1960s by young adults who sprayed words and together with other images on the walls and trains. Their artistic paintings appeared impressive with colorful and energetic styles, and were hence called graffiti. Ideally, such paintings were seen by that society as an expression of the youths to rebel against the society and to reject the set rules of the country. Street art begun as an underground, anarchic, in-your-face appropriation of the public visual surfaces, and has now become a major part of visual space in several towns and cities, and recognized as an art movement crossing over into the museum and gallery system. Traditionally, the graffiti artists primarily used their free-hand aerosol paints to produce their works but have currently transformed used to the innovations brought about by the technologically developments to include other media and techniques.

Can we apply Hobbes argument about the state of nature to Essay

Can we apply Hobbes argument about the state of nature to international relations - Essay Example In this regard, the state of nature considers men to be in a competition with each other for resources that include food, for example. As a result, they tend to distrust and fear one another thus instigating a pre-emptive attack due to the quest to maximise their own interests at the expense of other people. On the other hand, difference, emanates from the desire for natural equality and the fear factor that eventually leads to war. On this note, the state of nature suggests that, the alternative option for removing the contributory factors to conflict is to embrace the state by surrendering sovereignty to the Leviathan in order to enjoy security and order. According to Hobbes, the international sphere exists in a form of the state of nature (1985, p.37). This paper explores whether Hobbes argument about the state of nature can apply to international relations. While international relations emphasises a peaceful co-existence between sovereign states, the Hobbesian view focuses on the defensive character of states. This makes it difficult to apply the Hobbesian argument in international relations because; it discards the moral principles that guide the relations among states. Hobbes advances five conditions for the state of nature that includes equality, competition, and the existence of two types of people, non- universal egoism and uncertainty. With regard to equality, Hobbesian view reiterates that people possess almost equal mental and physical capabilities. As a result, those regarded as weak also have enough power either mental or physical to destroy the strongest. The competition caused by scarcity of resources also creates a situation where everyone grapples for the same unlimited resources. The Hobbesian view further associates the scarce resource with power since not everyone can amass power. In this sense, power is often a preserve for a few individuals in the society who tend to maximise it for their own self-interest (Hampton, 1987,

Priory Dental Surgery Appointment Booking System Coursework

Priory Dental Surgery Appointment Booking System - Coursework Example The actors in this case were the Dentists, Patients, Receptionist and the Manager. The second step in this task was to identify the use cases, these are the actions done by the actors. They are identified with the phrases that start with verbs or those that indicate actions being performed by actors. It was observed that one actor can have one or more use cases depending on their role with the PDS. A phrase such as â€Å"arrange patients’ booking† is identified as a use case. From this exercise it was observed that it is important to match the actors with their uses case while design the use case diagram. Associations of actors and use cases is therefore important. Use cases also have extended relationship where one use case depends on the other use case within the system. Tutorial two : Use Case Descriptions The second task was to describe the use case. This entails providing steps and responses between the system and the actor. What does an actor require to have in or der to accomplish a given task? The description also shows the main steps the actor will take in doing a given action (use case). The task in step 2 demonstrated how one can describe a use case using a table. The task involved how a receptionist could change a given appointment. The receptionist must be able to check into the system the previous appointment allocation then see if there is a time slot in the next proposed time by the patient. In checking the next free slot, factors such as the availability of the Dentist is important if he is available is it the same time as one proposed by the patient? If this conditions are not met the receptionist fails to book appointment for the patient and such feedback is given by the system. Otherwise, the receptionist will print the appointment confirmation or email it to the patient. Unlike making appointment where there are extensions, changing of the appointment does not have any extensions or views. Views means checking other use cases t o see if the action you are performing is valid or viable. For instance the receptionist must view patient to ensure that that patient does not have another appointment. Tutorial three: Analysis/Conceptual Class Diagram A class in system design is something that the system needs to store information about. In any scenario they are or case study such as PDS classes are known by identifying nouns. A class diagram is a rectangular shape that contains the name of the class, the operations and methods used by the system to retrieve or store information about the class. It was learnt that class names are in singular forms and only nouns are used not verbs. In exercise one, I was able to identify classes as; Appointment, Dentist and Patient. Exercise two required attributes and operations of the identified classes. Attributes can be said to be characteristics or information that the system will store about the class. Appointment could have the time and date of appointment as attributes whi le operations are the activities or actions that the system will perform to access or store information about the use case such as checking the free time for appointment. I learnt that attributes are written below the case name with a minus sign(-) at the beginning of the attribute while a plus sign (+)for operations that come below attributes in a class diagram. Exercise five combined all the classes to show how there are associated and their dependencies outlined. It shows that a system is a single unit with many

HR Planning and Recruitment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

HR Planning and Recruitment - Essay Example This essay focuses on the Human Resource planning and recruitment, that is one of the crucial requirements of the organizations. The main reasons for ensuring effective management of the company’s personnel is that it ensures that there is adequate number of staff members. KFC is the best example among all the fast food restaurant chains as it has allocated sufficient amount of resources in its personnel. Every aspect of HR is adequately planned out so that the operations of the company are not impacted at all. Even the recruitment of employees is done in accordance to the international standards so that the right people are hired at all positions. In order to sustain the edge within the industry, it is vital for KFC to keep track of the changes taking place in the employment market. It has employed right resources for management of this crucial aspect of the organization and has successfully created a highly, efficient, proactive, sincere and loyal team of employees. Each of the personnel is committed to enhancing the organization’s image in the fast food industry. Hence, KFC has developed an effective HR department for managing its international operations successfully. The success of the company lies in its policy of developing an efficient, loyal and committed workforce by allocating adequate resources in its recruitment and selection process. Even the policies are developed in accordance to the latest market trends so that the gap between the demand and supply of personnel is appropriately planned out.